Video Aulas - cap1 - Introduction

CHAPTER 1 "INTRODUCTION"

    1.1    WHAT IS AN OPERATING SYSTEM?   


         1.1.1  The Operating System as an Extended Machine   4
        1.1.2  The Operating System as a Resource Manager   5


    1.2    HISTORY OF OPERATING SYSTEMS   6


        1.2.1  The First Generation (1945-55): Vacuum Tubes   7
        1.2.2  The Second Generation (1955-65): Transistors and Batch Systems 8

        1.2.3  The Third Generation (1965-1980): ICs and Multiprogramming   9

         1.2.4  The Fourth Generation (1980-Present): Personal Computers   15

        1.2.5  The Fifth Generation (1990-Present): Mobile Computers   19

    1.3    COMPUTER HARDWARE REVIEW   20

        1.3.1  Processors   21

        1.3.2  Memory   24




        1.3.3  Disks   27
        1.3.4  I/O Devices   28

        1.3.5  Buses   32

        1.3.6  Booting the Computer   34

    1.4    THE OPERATING SYSTEM ZOO   35

        1.4.1  Mainframe Operating Systems   35
        1.4.2  Server Operating Systems   35
        1.4.3  Multiprocessor Operating Systems   36
        1.4.4  Personal Computer Operating Systems   36
        1.4.5  Handheld Computer Operating Systems   36
        1.4.6  Embedded Operating Systems.   37
        1.4.7  Sensor-Node Operating Systems   37
        1.4.8  Real-Time Operating Systems   37
        1.4.9  Smart Card Operating Systems   38

    1.5    OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS   38
        1.5.1  Processes   39
        1.5.2  Address Spaces   41
        1.5.3  Files   41
        1.5.4  Input/Output   45
        1.5.5  Protection   45
        1.5.6  The Shell   45
        1.5.7  Ontogeny Recapitulates Phylogeny   47

    1.6    SYSTEM CALLS   50
        1.6.1  System Calls for Process Management   53
        1.6.2  System Calls for File Management   56
        1.6.3  System Calls for Directory Management   57
        1.6.4  Miscellaneous System Calls   59
        1.6.5  The Windows Win32 API   60

    1.7    OPERATING SYSTEM STRUCTURE   62
        1.7.1  Monolithic Systems   63
        1.7.2  Layered Systems   64
        1.7.3  Microkernels   65
        1.7.4  Client-Server Model   68
        1.7.5  Virtual Machines   69
        1.7.6  Exokernels   73

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